Schmid (1991) described groups of plants that have the same basic structure and vary only in their leaf color. The cultivars listed are very similar to each other and some are probably identical i.e. the same plant but with a different name.

This group was defined as "The H. 'Fortunei' hybrid complex in its various forms has a tendency to produce variegated sports that occur in cultivation and are frequently found in tissue culture explants...a multitude of mutants exist in gardens but they often disappear because many are unstable...Although generally attributed to H. 'Fortunei', most are mutants of H. 'Fortunei Hyacinthina' or H. 'Fortunei Aoki'."