Schmid (1991) described this group as "...Eric Smith also bred yellow-leaved cultivars, called the GL (Gold Leaf) series. Some of them are considered Tardianas but this is incorrect because this yellow-leaved series involves H. sieboldiana, H. 'Fortunei Aurea' and H. sieboldii 'Kabitan' in the breeding. However, in one of Smith's published records, some gold seedlings were recorded in the H. Tardiana grex complex."